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Thermal Science and Energy Systems

Thermal science.
Real-world
energy solutions.

Understanding heat and energy to build more efficient systems, better components, and cleaner technologies.

Orange fountain at Oklahoma State University in Stillwater, Oklahoma
Oklahoma State UniversityStillwater, Oklahoma · Our campusPhoto: Oklahoma State University
01 Energy systems02 Thermal components03 Working fluids
Our research community

Rooted at OSU.
Connected to industry.

Thermal science and engineering in Stillwater, Oklahoma.

Our university

Oklahoma State
University

Our group is based in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at Oklahoma State University. Our team combines experiments and modeling to investigate heat transfer, refrigeration, and advanced thermal energy systems.

Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA

Explore Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
University–industry research

Center for Integrated
Building Systems

CIBS brings researchers and industry partners together to study HVAC&R equipment, thermal energy storage, and refrigerant transitions. The center develops tools, data, and models to support more efficient, lower-emission energy systems.

Through CIBS, our group connects practical engineering challenges with research in heat pumps, refrigeration, and thermal systems.

Discover CIBS
Research

Featured projects

Explore all projects
Visual abstract for the flow-boiling project: experimental imaging of bubble dynamics, computer vision and machine learning, and prediction and control for electronics and data-center cooling.
Flow boiling

Flow Boiling for Electronics Cooling

PI: Prof. Haotian Liu

This project investigates flow boiling as an advanced thermal-management approach for high-heat-flux electronics.

Students: Yash Trivedi, Liam Groves

Heat pump systems

Heat Pump Testing with Refrigerant Injection

PI: Prof. Haotian Liu

This project aims to develop a flexible heat pump testing platform with refrigerant injection to characterize system and component performance under controlled operating conditions.

Students: Muhammad Shummas Humayun, Liam Groves

Muhammad Hasanat Khan’s graphical abstract showing the scroll-compressor test stand, input and performance parameters, and semi-physics model development and validation.
Injected compressors

Injected Compressors with Low-GWP Refrigerants

Co-PI: Prof. Haotian Liu, with Prof. Christian K. Bach

This project investigates the performance of refrigerant-injected compressors using low-GWP refrigerants.

Student: Muhammad Hasanat Khan

Rasheed Shittu’s graphical abstract showing compressor experiments, performance data, and semi-physics model development for baseline operation, vapor injection, and two-phase injection.
Injected compressors

Injected Scroll Compressors: Testing and Modeling

Co-PI: Prof. Haotian Liu, with Prof. Christian K. Bach

This project combines experimental testing and modeling to investigate the performance of injected scroll compressors using refrigerants with low global warming potential.

Student: Rasheed Shittu

Tajwar Haque’s infographic showing a unitary HVAC system, redesign and multi-objective optimization variables, and optimized design outcomes.
HVAC system optimization

HVAC Redesign for Next-Generation Refrigerants

PI: Prof. Haotian Liu
Co-PI: Prof. Jeffrey Spitler

This project investigates the optimal redesign of unitary HVAC systems for next-generation refrigerants.

Student: Tajwar Haque

Pouria Moghimi Ghadikolaei’s schematic showing aboveground and underground thermal energy storage, a heat pump, fan coil unit, control system, and grid-connected and off-grid power sources.
Thermal energy storage

Thermal Storage and Demand Response

Co-PI: Prof. Haotian Liu, with Prof. Jeffrey Spitler and Prof. Christian K. Bach

This project evaluates the potential benefits of thermal energy storage (TES) in residential buildings, including improved system performance, reduced electricity consumption and costs, and electricity grid benefits such as peak load shaving and load shifting.

Student: Pouria Moghimi Ghadikolaei

The group

Physics at the heart.
Applications in view.

Led by Dr. Haotian Liu at Oklahoma State University, our group studies thermal systems, components, and working fluids. Our interests connect heat transfer, refrigeration, and the thermal challenges of electrification.

Meet the group
Research Opportunities

Bring your curiosity.
Build what comes next.

Interested in thermal science and energy technology? We welcome researchers with a range of backgrounds. Tell us about your interests through the research interest survey.

Complete the interest survey

Questions about research or collaboration?
haotian.liu@okstate.edu